8.4.6 The Impact of Disability on the Family

The Impact of Disability on the Family and the Psychological Consequences of Having a Child with a Disability

The diagnosis of a disability in a child can have a significant impact on the family, and the psychological consequences of having a child with a disability are varied and complex. Parents may experience shock, grief, guilt, and anxiety when they learn of their child’s disability. They may also feel overwhelmed by the need to navigate complex systems of care and services, manage the financial burden of care, and cope with the ongoing demands of caring for a child with a disability. The impact of disability on siblings can also be significant, with siblings often experiencing feelings of isolation, resentment, or neglect due to the demands of caring for the disabled child.

Studies have shown that the psychological impact of having a child with a disability can lead to higher levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in parents. Parents may also experience a sense of loss of control over their lives and a sense of social isolation due to the stigma associated with disability. The impact of disability on the family can also extend to marital relationships, with increased levels of marital conflict reported in families with a disabled child.

A multidisciplinary approach to care, including counselling and support services, can help families cope with the psychological impact of having a child with a disability. Parent support groups, family therapy, and individual counselling can provide a space for families to share their experiences, connect with others who have similar experiences, and develop coping strategies.

References:

1. Bailey, D. B., Blasco, P. M., & Simeonsson, R. J. (1991). Assessing families of young children with disabilities. Mental Retardation, 29(1), 1-8.
2. Hastings, R. P. (2003). Child behaviour problems and partner mental health as correlates of stress in mothers and fathers of children with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 47(4-5), 231-237.
3. Janicki, M. P., & Dalton, A. J. (Eds.). (2000). Preparing families and caregivers for the future: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Principles and Practice of Supported Living. American Association on Mental Retardation.
4. Stoneman, Z., & Gavidia-Payne, S. (2006). Marital adjustment in families of young children with disabilities: Associations with daily hassles and problem-focused coping. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 111(1), 1-14.