3.2 Cells Quiz

Which type of cell is found in the deepest layer of the cerebral cortex, and is responsible for receiving input from other neurons?

Which type of cell is found in the middle layer of the cerebral cortex, and is responsible for receiving input from the thalamus?

Which type of cell is found in the outermost layer of the cerebral cortex, and is responsible for receiving input from the senses?

Which type of cell is found in the cerebellum and is responsible for receiving input from the mossy fibres and sending output to the deep cerebellar nuclei?

Which type of cell is found in the hippocampus and is responsible for forming new memories?

Which type of cell is found in the spinal cord and is responsible for relaying signals from sensory neurons to motor neurons?

Which type of cell is found in the retina and is responsible for converting light signals into electrical signals?

Which type of cell is found in the olfactory bulb and is responsible for receiving input from olfactory receptor neurons and sending output to other parts of the brain?

Which type of cell is found in the dorsal root ganglia and is responsible for relaying signals from sensory receptors to the spinal cord?

Which type of cell is found in the hypothalamus and is responsible for regulating the body’s endocrine system?

Which type of cell is found in the basal ganglia and is responsible for modulating the activity of other neurons?

Which type of cell is found in the brainstem and is responsible for controlling the body’s vital functions such as breathing and heart rate?

Which type of cell is found in the prefrontal cortex and is thought to play a role in the development of schizophrenia?

Which type of cell is found in the hippocampus and is thought to play a role in the development of depression?

Which type of cell is found in the amygdala and is thought to play a role in the development of anxiety disorders?

Which type of cell is found in the nucleus accumbens and is thought to play a role in the development of addiction?

Which type of cell is found in the anterior cingulate cortex and is thought to play a role in the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Which type of cell is found in the ventral tegmental area and is thought to play a role in the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

Which type of cell is found in the basal ganglia and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease?

Which type of cell is found in the hippocampus and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease?

Which type of cell is found in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic pain?

Which type of cell is found in the prefrontal cortex and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia?

Which type of cell is found in the amygdala and is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

What type of neurotransmitter is associated with the regulation of mood and emotion?

What type of neuron is responsible for transmitting information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

What type of neurotransmitter is associated with the regulation of muscle movement and coordination?

What type of neurotransmitter is associated with the regulation of stress and anxiety?

What type of neuron is responsible for transmitting information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands?

What type of neurotransmitter is associated with the regulation of appetite and body weight?

What type of synapse is characterized by the release of neurotransmitters from the axon terminal of a neuron into a small gap called a synaptic cleft?

What type of synaptic transmission involves the direct flow of electrical current between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons?

What type of synapse is found in the neuromuscular junction?

How does the process of synaptic plasticity contribute to the formation of memories in the brain?

What is the role of AMPA receptors in the process of synaptic plasticity?

How does the process of synaptic scaling contribute to the overall stability of neural networks?

How does the process of synaptic pruning contribute to the development of the nervous system?

What is the role of NMDA receptors in the process of synaptic plasticity?

How does the process of synaptic tagging contribute to the formation of long-term memories?

What is the main ion involved in the initiation of an action potential in a neuron?

What is the role of the voltage-gated potassium channels in the process of an action potential?

What is the role of the refractory period in the process of an action potential?

How does the process of saltatory conduction contribute to the rapid transmission of action potentials along a myelinated axon?

How does the process of synaptic integration contribute to the ability of neurons to generate complex outputs?

What type of ion channel is selective for positively charged ions and is activated by changes in membrane potential?

What type of ion channel is activated by a specific ligand binding to the channel protein?

What type of ion channel allows for the constant flow of ions across the membrane in order to maintain a resting potential?

How does the process of gating in voltage-gated ion channels contribute to the generation of action potentials?

How does the process of desensitization in ligand-gated ion channels contribute to the termination of synaptic transmission?

How does the process of modulation of ion channels by second messengers contribute to the regulation of neural signalling?

What type of ion channels are responsible for the generation of the action potential in the heart?

What is the role of the chloride-potassium antiporter in the regulation of neuronal excitability?

What is the role of the ATP-sensitive potassium channels in the regulation of insulin secretion from beta cells?

How do G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce extracellular signals into intracellular signals?

What is the role of G-proteins in the signalling pathway activated by GPCRs?

What type of G-protein is typically associated with the regulation of ion channels by GPCRs?

How do G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) discriminate between different ligands and activate specific downstream signalling pathways?

What is the role of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) in the regulation of GPCR signalling?

How do G protein-coupled receptor interacting proteins (GIPs) modulate GPCR signalling?

How do allosteric modulators affect the activity of receptors?

What is the difference between orthosteric ligands and allosteric modulators?

How do allosteric modulators influence the efficacy of agonist ligands?

What is the molecular mechanism underlying long-term potentiation (LTP) at the synapse?

What is the molecular mechanism underlying long-term depression (LTD) at the synapse?

What is the role of synaptic scaling in neural circuit function?

What is the role of synaptic pruning in neural development?

What is the role of synaptic pruning in neural plasticity?

What is the role of synaptic pruning in cognitive development?

What type of mathematical model is commonly used to simulate the behavior of single neurons?

How do neural circuits enable information processing and decision-making in the brain?

What is the role of dendrites in the electrical activity of a neuron?

What are the limitations of mathematical models in simulating the behavior of neural circuits?

How do neural networks differ from other mathematical models in simulating the behavior of neural circuits?

What is the role of inhibitory interneurons in neural circuits and how do they modulate the activity of other neurons?

How do neural circuits adapt to changes in the environment and what is the role of homeostatic plasticity in this process?

What is the role of neural coding in the representation of information in neural circuits and how does it relate to the concept of a “grandmother cell”?