3.1 Basic Techniques in Neuroscience Quiz

What triggers the initiation of an action potential in a neuron?

What is the role of voltage-gated sodium channels in an action potential?

What is the role of voltage-gated potassium channels in an action potential?

What is the role of the refractory period in an action potential?

How does the amplitude of an action potential compare to the resting potential?

What is the role of myelination in the conduction of action potentials?

Which of the following is considered a normal EEG finding in an awake individual?

Which of the following is not a normal EEG finding during sleep?

Which of the following is a normal EEG finding during deep sleep?

The frequency range of delta waves in an EEG recording is typically?

Which of the following is not considered a characteristic feature of alpha waves in an EEG recording?

The frequency range of theta waves in an EEG recording is typically?

Beta waves in an EEG recording are typically associated with?

Gamma waves in an EEG recording typically have a frequency range of?

What EEG tracing is commonly found in newborns?

What EEG tracing is commonly found in infants whilst asleep?

Which type of evoked response technique is used to study the electrical activity generated by the auditory system?

Which of the following is not a common method for stimulating the visual system to elicit a Visual Evoked Potential (VEP)?

The P300 response in an event-related potential (ERP) is typically used as a measure of:

In what type of evoked potential study would the subject be asked to tap their foot in response to a auditory tone?

What is the main use of the Somatosensory Evoked Potential (SEP)?

A gentleman is referred to undergo EEG testing due to difficulties in making a diagnosis. He has acutely presented with headache, confusion, fever and seizures. What is the likely EEG finding given his suspect diagnosis?

A young boy being seen under community paediatrics is referred for outpatient EEG due to his school teachers reporting blank staring episodes associated with his eyelids fluttering where they cannot get him to respond. Given the likely diagnosis what EEG finding will be discovered?

How can a stroke present on EEG findings?

Which antipsychotic is most likely associated with EEG changes?

Which of the following best describes the effect of benzodiazepines on EEG frequencies?

Which of the following best describes the effect of alcohol on EEG frequencies?

Which of the following EEG patterns is typically associated with the deepest stage of sleep?

Which of the following EEG patterns is typically associated with REM sleep?

What is the name of the sleep stage where most dreaming occurs?

What is the main purpose of microdialysis in neuroscience research?

What is the key principle behind the microdialysis technique?

What type of brain activity is typically associated with the Alpha frequency band?

What type of brain activity is typically associated with the Beta frequency band?

What type of cerebral pathology is associated with an increase in Delta frequency activity in the EEG?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with an increase in beta activity on EEG?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with an absence of alpha activity on EEG?

What type of seizure pathology is typically associated with an increase in fast rhythms on EEG, such as sharp waves and spikes?

What type of seizure pathology is typically associated with a slow rhythm on EEG known as “burst suppression”?

What type of seizure pathology is typically associated with high-frequency rhythmic activity on EEG, such as spike-and-wave discharges?

What type of seizure pathology is typically associated with an increase in theta activity on EEG?

What type of seizure pathology is typically associated with a “triphasic” pattern on EEG, characterized by a slow rhythm followed by a sharp wave, and then a fast rhythm?

What type of seizure pathology is typically associated with multiple spikes and sharp waves on EEG, occurring in clusters or runs?

Which class of drugs is typically associated with an increase in delta activity on EEG?

Which class of drugs is typically associated with an increase in beta activity on EEG?

Which class of drugs is typically associated with a decrease in fast rhythms on EEG such as sharp waves and spikes?

Which class of drugs is typically associated with an increase in slow rhythms on EEG, such as delta and theta waves?

Which class of drugs is typically associated with a decrease in alpha activity on EEG?

Which class of drugs is typically associated with an increase in fast rhythms on EEG, such as spikes and sharp waves?

What type of brain structure can be visualized using structural MRI?

What is the primary advantage of using structural MRI over other imaging techniques?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with a decrease in grey matter volume on structural MRI?

What type of brain structure can be visualized using DTI?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with a decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) values on DTI?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with an increase in mean diffusivity (MD) values on DTI?

What type of brain function can be visualized using fMRI?

What is the primary advantage of using fMRI over other imaging techniques?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with an increase in blood flow in specific brain regions on fMRI?

What type of brain function can be visualized using PET?

What is the primary advantage of using PET over other imaging techniques?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with an increase in metabolic activity in specific brain regions on PET?

What type of brain function can be visualized using MR spectroscopy?

What is the primary advantage of using MR spectroscopy over other imaging techniques?

What type of brain pathology is typically associated with an abnormal levels of certain brain chemicals on MR Spectroscopy?

What type of brain function can be modulated by electrical stimulation?

What is the primary advantage of using electrical stimulation over other techniques?

What type of brain disorder is typically associated with abnormal neural activity in specific brain regions that can be treated by electrical stimulation?

What type of brain function can be modulated by optogenetics?

What is the primary advantage of using optogenetics over other techniques?

What type of brain disorder is typically associated with abnormal neural activity in specific brain regions that can be treated by optogenetics?

What type of brain function can be modulated by TMS?

What is the primary advantage of using TMS over other techniques?

What type of brain disorder is typically associated with abnormal neural activity in specific brain regions that can be treated by TMS?

What type of brain function can be modulated by tDCS?

What is the primary advantage of using tDCS over other techniques?

What type of brain disorder is typically associated with abnormal neural activity in specific brain regions that can be treated by tDCS?

What type of brain function can be modulated by deep brain stimulation (DBS)?

What is the primary advantage of using DBS over other techniques?

What type of brain disorder is typically associated with abnormal neural activity in specific brain regions that can be treated by DBS?

What type of brain function can be modulated by vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)?

What is the primary advantage of using VNS over other techniques?

What type of brain disorder is typically associated with abnormal neural activity in specific brain regions that can be treated by VNS?

What is the primary advantage of using animal models in the study of psychiatric diseases?

What type of animal model is typically used to study schizophrenia?

What type of brain lesions can be induced in animal models of psychiatric disease?

What is the primary advantage of using computational models in the study of psychiatric diseases?

What type of computational model is typically used to study the neural basis of psychiatric disorders?

How can computational models be used to test potential treatments for psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study the effects of drugs on behavior in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study the cognitive deficits in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study anxiety-like behavior in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study social behavior in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study the effects of drugs on motor behavior in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study the effects of drugs on sleep in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study the effects of drugs on learning and memory in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of animal test is typically used to study the effects of drugs on emotional behavior in models of psychiatric disorders?

What type of recreational drug is known to increase beta wave activity in the EEG?

What type of recreational drug is known to decrease delta wave activity in the EEG?

What type of recreational drug is known to increase theta wave activity in the EEG?

What type of recreational drug is known to cause a decrease in alpha wave activity in the EEG?